用广义反演方法估算首都圈地区台站场地效应   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

史海霞  修济刚  陈章立  王勤彩  华卫 《地震》2009,29(2):1-11

本文利用2001—2006年首都圈地区的SH波数字化地震资料, 用广义逆矩阵联合反演的方法得到了63个台站的场地效应值。 基岩场地的场地效应比较稳定, 在1～10 Hz范围内为1左右; 沉积场地在低频场地效应较高, 在1～8 Hz范围内在3～7之间, 5 Hz左右场地效应有明显的突起, 以后随频率增加降低。 结果表明, 台站岩性是影响场地效应形态和大小的主要因素, 此外其场地效应还可能与所处的局部地质构造等因素有关。  相似文献   

Born-series approximation to volume-scattering wave for piecewise heterogeneous media          下载免费PDF全文

Geng-Xin Yu  Li-Yun Fu 《地震科学（英文版）》2014,27(2):159-168

An efficient approximate scheme is presented for wave-propagation simulation in piecewise heterogeneous media by applying the Born-series approximation to volume-scattering waves. The numerical scheme is tested for dimensionless frequency responses to a heterogeneous alluvial valley where the velocity is perturbed randomly in the range of 5 %–25 %, compared with the full-waveform numerical solution. Then, the scheme is extended to a heterogeneous multilayered model by calculating synthetic seismograms to evaluate approximation accuracies. Numerical experiments indicate that the convergence rate of this method decreases gradually with increasing velocity perturbations. The method has a fast convergence for velocity perturbations less than 15 %. However, the convergence becomes slow drastically when the velocity perturbation increases to 20 %. The method can hardly converge for the velocity perturbation up to 25 %.  相似文献   

Development of a fish-based index to assess the ecological quality of transitional waters: The case of French estuaries     

C. Delpech  A. Courrat  J. Lobry  D. Nicolas  M. Girardin 《Marine pollution bulletin》2010,60(6):908-233

The Water Framework Directive requires the assessment of the ecological status of transitional waters considering the fish component. An original methodology, based on a pressure-impact approach, was established to develop a multimetric fish-based index to characterize the ecological quality of French estuaries. An index of contamination, based on the chemical pollution affecting aquatic systems, was used as a proxy of anthropogenic pressure. The fish metric selection was based on their response to disturbances tested via statistical models (generalized linear models) taking into account sampling strategy and estuarine features. Four metrics, for which discriminating responses to level of pressure were demonstrated, were retained to constitute the estuarine multimetric fish index. This new tool appeared particularly relevant to detect the contamination effects on fish communities in estuaries. It could help managers to take decisions in order to maintain or reach the good status required by the Water Framework Directive for 2015.  相似文献   

强震前后广义地震应变释放过程的丛集特征   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

陈时军  马丽  王丽凤  David Harte 《地震》2003,23(2):29-38

利用基于小波变换的多重分形奇异谱估计方法,研究了部分强震前后地震活动广义应变.释放过程的多重分形特征。结果表明,晨中区附近- -定范围内地展活动广义应变释放过程具有多重分形特征,但多重分形维数谱随7变化复杂,在强震发生前多重分形维数谱没有明显的变化。广义地震应变释放过程的多重分形奇异谱形态和Hausdorff奇异指数范围能提供更多关于地屣活动过程的信息,特别当η取较大值时Hausdorff奇异指数范围在强晨前明显变窄。研究还表明深源地展和浅源地晨发生前广义应变释放过程多重分形特征存在明显不同。  相似文献   

The modified generalized moveout approximation: a new parameter selection          下载免费PDF全文

Alexey Stovas  Sergey Fomel 《Geophysical Prospecting》2017,65(3):687-695

Non‐hyperbolic generalised moveout approximation is a powerful tool to approximate the travel‐time function by using information obtained from two rays. The standard approach for parameter selection is using three parameters defined from zero‐offset ray and two parameters obtained from a reference ray. These parameters include the travel time and travel‐time derivatives of different order. The original parameter selection implies more fit at zero offset compared with offset from a reference ray. We propose an alternative approach for parameter selection within the frame of generalised moveout approximation by transferring more fit from the zero offset to a reference ray by changing in parameter selection. The modified approximation is tested against the original one in few analytical model examples, including the multi‐layered model.  相似文献   

利用广义叠加反演方法估算长岛震群应力降          下载免费PDF全文

王鹏  王宝善 《地球物理学报》2020,63(5):1970-1985

地震应力降是表征震源特性的一个重要参数,通常由震源谱计算得到.但如何从大量地震的观测谱中校正路径和台站效应,准确地分离出震源谱并计算应力降,仍是一个难题.本文采用广义叠加反演方法通过分阶段叠加从观测谱中迭代分离出震源项、台站项和路径项,并利用分震级的叠加震源项与理论谱的拟合得到经验格林函数,再利用由经验格林函数校正后的真实震源谱估算出应力降.该方法不需要知道仪器响应、场地响应和传播路径上的衰减系数,并且不用事先假设震源具有自相似的恒应力降特征,计算效率很高,适用于反演大量地震的震源参数.我们将广义叠加反演方法应用于长岛震群,利用S波谱估算了1431个ML≥1.0地震的应力降.结果表明,广义叠加反演方法获得的震源参数和用传统方法得到的结果一致;长岛震群地震的应力降较小(中值是0.3 MPa),变化范围很大(0.009～3.04MPa之间),属于低应力降事件集;同时应力降中值随地震矩增大而增大,偏离了自相似理论.应力降空间变化不均匀,高应力降事件主要集中在震群的端部(NW端),到最近断层距离的依赖性不强,在9、10km处的应力降中值略高于其他深度.根据应力降的变化特征和区域构造条件,我们推测地下流体在长岛震群的活动中起到一定的作用.  相似文献   

Fast hyperbolic deconvolutive Radon transform using generalized Fourier slice theorem     

Ahmadreza Mokhtari  Ali Gholami  Hamid Reza Siahkoohi 《Geophysical Prospecting》2019,67(2):408-422

The hyperbolic Radon transform has a long history of applications in seismic data processing because of its ability to focus/sparsify the data in the transform domain. Recently, deconvolutive Radon transform has also been proposed with an improved time resolution which provides improved processing results. The basis functions of the (deconvolutive) Radon transform, however, are time-variant, making the classical Fourier based algorithms ineffective to carry out the required computations. A direct implementation of the associated summations in the time–space domain is also computationally expensive, thus limiting the application of the transform on large data sets. In this paper, we present a new method for fast computation of the hyperbolic (deconvolutive) Radon transform. The method is based on the recently proposed generalized Fourier slice theorem which establishes an analytic expression between the Fourier transforms associated with the data and Radon plane. This allows very fast computations of the forward and inverse transforms simply using fast Fourier transform and interpolation procedures. These canonical transforms are used within an efficient iterative method for sparse solution of (deconvolutive) Radon transform. Numerical examples from synthetic and field seismic data confirm high performance of the proposed fast algorithm for filling in the large gaps in seismic data, separating primaries from multiple reflections, and performing high-quality stretch-free stacking.  相似文献   

Investigation of borehole effects on azimuthal resistivity measurements using novel pseudo-analytic formulas     

Decheng Hong  Hu Li  Wei-Feng Huang  Hongmei Liu 《Geophysical Prospecting》2020,68(2):709-720

Downhole resistivity measurements provide valuable information for geosteering and formation evaluation. It is important to understand and correct the environmental effects, such as the borehole, the tool eccentricity and the resistivity anisotropy effects, of the measurements based on fast and accurate modelling methods. A new pseudo-analytic solution for eccentric coaxial and tilted-coil antennas in the cylindrically multilayered medium with transverse isotropic conductivity was developed. This method can take the eccentric tool, the borehole, the mud invasion and the resistivity anisotropy into account. These formulas enable us to simulate the responses of the downhole induction logging tools, including induction wireline and azimuthal propagation logging-while-drilling measurements. Instead of using the prior fictitious boundary, the generalized reflection coefficients are proposed to construct the linear matrix functions to deal with the tool eccentricity. The cylindrical functions are reorganized and presented in forms of ratios. Thus, the proposed formulas obviate the overflow issue in the computation and are more stable and efficient. The proposed approach is compared and validated with other well-established methods. Simulations and case studies show that: (1) the responses of azimuthal resistivity logging-while-drilling tool are affected by the tool's eccentricity in both isotropic and anisotropic medium; (2) sine curve behaviours exist for the phase difference and amplitude ratio of azimuthal resistivity measurements along with different eccentricity azimuth.  相似文献